Introduction
The pituitary gland, also known as the master gland, regulates multiple endocrine organs. Pituitary disorders can lead to hormonal imbalances affecting various body systems.
Common Pituitary Disorders
1. Pituitary Adenomas
- Prolactinoma (Excess Prolactin) → Galactorrhea, amenorrhea, infertility.
- Acromegaly (Excess Growth Hormone) → Gigantism (children), Acromegaly (adults).
- Cushing’s Disease (Excess ACTH) → Moon face, weight gain, hypertension.
Management:
- Dopamine agonists for prolactinoma (Cabergoline, Bromocriptine).
- Surgery or GH inhibitors (Octreotide) for Acromegaly.
2. Pituitary Insufficiency (Hypopituitarism)
- Causes: Tumors, Sheehan’s syndrome, trauma.
- Symptoms: Fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, amenorrhea.
- Treatment: Hormone replacement therapy.
Conclusion
Pituitary disorders require precise hormonal evaluation and management. These MBBS notes offer an in-depth understanding for medical students.
