Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition affecting many adolescents and adults. It involves the hair follicles and sebaceous glands and can significantly impact quality of life.
Causes
- Overproduction of sebum.
- Clogging of hair follicles with dead skin cells.
- Bacterial infection (Propionibacterium acnes).
- Hormonal changes, especially during puberty.
Types of Acne Lesions
- Comedones: Open (blackheads) and closed (whiteheads).
- Papules: Small red, tender bumps.
- Pustules: Red bumps with white or yellow pus-filled centers.
- Nodules: Large, painful lumps beneath the skin.
- Cysts: Pus-filled lumps that can cause scars.
Treatment and Management
- Topical treatments: Retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics.
- Oral medications: Antibiotics, hormonal treatments, isotretinoin.
- Lifestyle changes: Diet, skincare routines.
Conclusion
Effective management of acne vulgaris requires a comprehensive understanding of its causes, types, and treatment options. Medical students must be well-versed in these aspects to provide optimal care.
